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Propionic Acid,Mitophagy, L-serine
It would seem that dentritic spines have their own supply of mitochondria to produce ATP for all of the work they do. [1] More stimulation of dentritic spines leads to more mitochondria. The Li publication has some excellent images that will not be reproduced in this post. The featured image is a compilation of…
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PSEN1 and mitophagy
This post is background information on a post describing the role of the role of PSEN1 in assembly of CIC7 in the lysosome and the mitophagy of dysfunctional mitochondria in Alzheimer’s Disease. This concept has relevance to all neurodegernative diseases in which mitochondria become damaged and need to be removed. The Martín-Maestro study is…
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Presenillin and CIC7
Presenillin, often referred to by its gene name PSEN1, is a subunit in the gamma secretase complex, which cleaves integral membrane proteins. This image was obtained from the UniProt link. The UniProt and Go annotations categorize PSEN1 as a mult-pass membrane protein found in all stages of endosomes,axon projections, and the synapse. The structure…
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Skeletal Muscle Autophagy
Cleaning up damaged mitochondria is a key function of lysosomes. Skeletal muscle is particularly prone to damage to mitochondria that puts a strain on autophagy such that the lysosome portion of phagosomes needs to be blebbed off and recycled in an alternative pathway. The PIP that regulates CIC7 is phosphorylated on positions [3,5] not…
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CIC7 structure
A very nice cryoelectron microscope image came out of the Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States. Richard K Hite was the corresponding author. These authors used a technique called Cryo Electron Microscopy to visualize CIC7 in actual membranes. [1]